Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Quarles, John
QUARLES, JOHN (1624–1665), poet, one of the eighteen children of Francis Quarles [q. v.], is said to have been born in Essex in 1624. He was educated under the care of Archbishop Ussher, and matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford, on 9 Feb. 1643 (Register-book of the University), but does not seem to have taken a degree. He bore arms for the king in the garrison at Oxford, and was imprisoned and banished, apparently in consequence of his adherence to the royal cause. While in banishment in Flanders he wrote the poems contained in his first published volume, ‘Fons Lachrymarum.’ He was in England in 1648, but his ‘occasions beyond sea’ compelled him to leave in the following year, and the date of his ultimate return to this country is unknown. Towards the end of his life he was reduced to great poverty, and lived by his pen. He remained in London during the plague, and was carried off by it in 1665.
The published works of Quarles are: 1. ‘Fons Lachrymarum, or a Fountain of Tears; from whence flow England's Complaint, Jeremiahs Lamentations paraphras'd, with Divine Meditations. And an Elegy upon that Son of Valor, Sir Charles Lucas,’ London, 1648, 12mo; reprinted 1649, 1655, 1677. 2. ‘Regale Lectum Miseriæ, or a Kingly Bed of Miserie. In which is contained a Dreame; with an Elegy upon the Martyrdome of Charles, late King of England. … And another upon … Lord Capel. With a Curse against the Enemies of Peace, and the Authors Farewell to England,’ London, 1648, 8vo; reprinted 1649, 1658, 1659, 1660, 1679. 3. ‘Gods Love and Mans Unworthiness,’ London, 1651, 12mo; reprinted, with ‘Divine Meditations,’ 1655. 4. ‘The Tyranny of the Dutch against the English. … And likewise the Sufferings and Losses of Abraham Woofe … and others in the Island of Banda,’ London, 1653, 8vo (prose); reprinted 1660. 5. ‘Divine Meditations upon several Subjects …,’ London, 1655, 8vo; reprinted 1663, 1671, 1679. 6. ‘The Banishment of Tarquin, or the Reward of Lust,’ annexed to Shakespeare's ‘Rape of Lucrece,’ London, 1655, 8vo. 7. ‘An Elegie on … James Usher, L. Archbishop of Armagh, …,’ London, 1656, 8vo. 8. ‘The History of the most vile Dimagoras …,’ London, 1658, 8vo. 9. ‘A Continuation of the History [by his father] of Argalus and Parthenia,’ London, 1659, 12mo. 10. ‘Rebellions Downfall,’ London, 1662, fol. broadside. 11. ‘Londons Disease and Cure. Being a Soveraigne Receipt against the Plague, for Prevention sake,’ London, 1665, fol. broadside. 12. ‘The Citizens Flight, with their Recall, to which is added Englands Tears and Englands Comforts,’ London, 1665, 4to. 13. ‘Self-Conflict, or the powerful Motions between the Flesh and Spirit, represented in the Person … of Joseph … ,’ London, 1680, 8vo; reprinted, with a slightly different title (‘Triumphant Chastity, or Joseph's Self-Conflict’), 1684. There is nothing in the book to show that this last item, a translation entirely in the manner of Quarles, is a posthumous publication, but the date of his death given above is confirmed by Winstanley (Lives of the Poets, 1687, p. 194), who was apparently acquainted with at least one member of his family. Quarles also wrote a prose preface to John Hall's ‘Emblems,’ 1648, and contributed verses to Fuller's ‘Abel Redevivus’ (1651).
There are three portraits of Quarles—one by Marshall, with verses underneath it by T.M.; one by Faithorne; and one anonymous (cf. Bromley, Catalogue).
[Wood's Athenæ Oxon. ed. Bliss, iii. 697; Quarles's Works, passim; Sage's Notes on the Quarles Family, reprinted from the East Anglian.]